2022-06-30 12:37 gwero: nkhani zochulukira, nambala yokulira, PAIKE
Monga tonse tikudziwira, zida zatsopano zalembedwa ngati njira imodzi yofunikira pa dongosolo "lopangidwa ku China 2025".Monga gawo lofunikira, ulusi wagalasi ukukula mwachangu.
Glass fiber idabadwa m'ma 1930s.Ndizinthu zopanda zitsulo zopangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zazikulu zamchere monga pyrophyllite, mchenga wa quartz, miyala yamchere ndi mankhwala opangira mankhwala monga boric acid ndi soda phulusa.Lili ndi mndandanda wa ubwino monga mtengo wotsika, kulemera kochepa, mphamvu zambiri, kukana kutentha kwakukulu ndi kukana kwa dzimbiri.Mphamvu yake yeniyeni imafika ku 833mpa / gcm3, yomwe ili yachiwiri ku carbon fiber (yoposa 1800mpa / gcm3) pakati pa zipangizo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.Ndizinthu zabwino kwambiri zogwirira ntchito komanso zomangamanga.
Msika wapakhomo umabweretsa nthawi yowonjezera
Kutengera ndi mbiri yakale, mabungwe oyenerera adawerengera kuti kukula kwamakampani opanga magalasi nthawi zambiri kumakhala 1.5-2 kuchuluka kwa GDP ya dziko.Owens Corning adapeza kuti kukula kwa kufunikira kwa magalasi padziko lonse lapansi ndi pafupifupi nthawi 1.6 kuposa kuchuluka kwa mafakitale poyang'ana mmbuyo pa zomwe zachitika padziko lapansi kuyambira 1981 mpaka 2015. Zotsatira zowerengera za Huatai Securities zikuwonetsa kuti kuyambira 2006 mpaka 2019 Kufunika kwa magalasi padziko lonse lapansi kuli ndi ubale wabwino wofananira ndi kukula kwapachaka kwa GDP ndi kuchuluka kwa mafakitale.Pakati pawo, kukula kwa kufunikira kwa fiber magalasi padziko lonse lapansi kuli pafupifupi nthawi 1.81 kuposa GDP ndi 1.70 kuchuluka kwamtengo wowonjezera wamakampani.Komabe, mbiri yakale ikuwonetsa kuti m'mbuyomu, ubale wapakati pakati pa kufunikira kwa magalasi am'nyumba ndi zizindikiro zakukula kwachuma kunali kofooka.M'zaka zaposachedwa, chiŵerengero cha kukula kwa magalasi kumafuna kukula kwa GDP chinali chokwera kwambiri kuposa cha dziko lapansi.Mu 2018 ndi 2019, chiŵerengero chinali 2.4 ndi 3.0 motsatana.
Kubwerera ku gwero, izi zikugwirizana mwachindunji ndi kutsika kochepa kwa galasi la galasi ku China.
Kumwa kwapachaka kwa China kwa ulusi wagalasi ndikotsika kwambiri poyerekeza ndi mayiko otukuka.Mu 2019, China idagwiritsa ntchito magalasi pafupifupi 2.8kg, pomwe United States, Japan, European Union ndi mayiko ena otukuka inali pafupifupi 4.5kg.
Magawo atatu apamwamba a fiberglass ntchito ku China ndi zomangamanga, zamagetsi ndi zida zamagetsi, ndi zoyendera, zomwe zimawerengera 34%, 21%, ndi 16% motsatana.
Pakati pawo, njira yayikulu yogwiritsira ntchito magalasi opangira magetsi ndi zipangizo zamagetsi ndi nsalu zamagetsi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga laminate yamkuwa (CCL) m'madera osindikizidwa (PCB), yomwe imadya ulusi wambiri wamagetsi (pafupifupi 95%).Ulusi wamagetsi wapakhomo ukusinthidwa ndi zinthu zapakhomo, ndipo kuchuluka kwa ulusi wamagetsi ku China kumatsika chaka ndi chaka, ndipo zinthu zina zapamwamba zimasinthidwa pang'onopang'ono ndikulowa kunja.
Ndi kulimbikitsa kosalekeza kwa 5g ntchito malonda, kufunika PCB chawonjezeka kwambiri.Kumanga kwakukulu kwa malo opangira ma data komanso kufunikira kwakukulu kwa ma seva kudzakhala mphamvu yayikulu yoyendetsera msika wa PCB pakanthawi kochepa.Ntchito zopanda Driver ndi AI zimapereka chithandizo chanthawi yayitali cha PCB, ndipo gawo lamagetsi likhoza kubweretsa msika wowonjezera wa fiber magalasi mtsogolomo.
Mchitidwe wa mphamvu zapadziko lonse lapansi ndi ndondomeko za chilengedwe zimapangitsa kuti magalimoto azikhala opepuka kukhala nkhani yanthawi yayitali m'makampani.Kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zopepuka monga magalasi fiber reinforced composites ndi imodzi mwa njira zazikulu, koma pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa China ndi dziko lotsogola kwambiri.Germany, United States ndi Japan pakadali pano ndi mayiko omwe ali ndi gawo lalikulu la zida zamagalimoto zopepuka.Pakati pawo, kugwiritsa ntchito zida zopepuka zamagalimoto ku Germany kumakhala pafupifupi 25%, yomwe ndi yapamwamba kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.Pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa kugwiritsa ntchito zida zopepuka m'magalimoto aku China komanso magawo apamwamba akunja.Mwachitsanzo, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa aluminiyamu ndi chitsulo ndi pafupifupi theka la mlingo wapamwamba wapadziko lonse lapansi, ndipo kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa aloyi ya magnesium ndi pafupifupi 1/10 ya mulingo wotsogola ku Europe, kufunikira kwa China pamagalasi opangira magalasi akadali ndi mwayi wokulirapo.
Malinga ndi data ya China fiber composites network, mu 2021, dziko limatulutsa matani 6.24 miliyoni, poyerekeza ndi matani 258000 mu 2001, ndipo CAGR yamakampani opanga magalasi aku China m'zaka 20 zapitazi inali yokwera mpaka 17.3% .Malinga ndi zomwe zimatengera ndi kutumiza kunja, kuchuluka kwa magalasi otumiza kunja kwa dziko mu 2021 kunali matani 1.683 miliyoni, ndikuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi 26.5%;Voliyumu yolowera kunja inali matani 182000, kukhalabe mulingo wabwinobwino.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-11-2022